Many companies raised in India after independence, who have made themselves successful in the country and abroad with time. But there is such a name among this companies that on hearing it, an image of a reliable brand is formed in our mind, not a businessman or profit-making company, that name is Tata.
We rely on every product with which Tata name is associated. Tata is a benchmark in reliability for India every day.
Tata has made a big mark in abroad as well. Luxury cars manufacturers like Jaguar and land rover are owned by Tata. recently, Tata replaced Chinese mobile company Vivo as a title sponsor company in IPL.
History of Tata group
Jamshedji Nusserwanji Tata laid the foundation of Tata groups. On the name of his, Jamshedpur industrial City is in the state of Jharkhand. In Jamshedpur, Tata iron and Steel with other companies are located.
Jamshedji Nusserwanji Tata was born in 1839. After his early schooling, he completed his higher education from Elphinstone College, Bombay, in 1958. Since childhood, he was interested toward trade development that’s why after college education, he started working in his father trading form.
When American civil war started then cotton supply to Britishers going disrupted. Indian cultivators got benefit of this. He joined Asiatic banking corporation to take full benefit of the Bombay cotton boom with his father. In 1890, Jamshedji Tata established a trading company and a few cotton mills in Mumbai and Nagpur.
It was from here that the business ventures of Tata group started. Which was going to make an identity in the whole world in the coming Times. It is said that since the beginning of his career, Jamshedji Tata had four dreams,
- Set up an iron and Steel company
- Open a unique hotel
- Establish a world class learning institution
- Set up a hydroelectric plant
During his life, Taj hotel was opened in 1903, in Colaba, this was the first hotel of India to have electricity. After the death of Jamshedji, his son Dorabjee Tata become the chairman of the company in 1904. Fulfilling his father’s dream, Dorabjee Tata established Tata iron and Steel company or TISCON in 1907. This company revived missed industrial revolution in India and raised as a support system for other industries in coming days. Steel became raw material produced by Tata for many industries and they increase the industrial productions with demands of Steel.
Looking its global ambitions, Tata opened its first international office in London. To achieving the second goal of Jamshedji Tata, the company established Tata Power in 1910 which was the first hydro plant in western India. In next year, Indian institute of science was established in 1911.
After Dorabjee Tata, JRD Tata become the next chairman in 1938. When JRD Tata took the chairmanship of Tata groups, it had 19 industries with total worth of 101 million. In the last date of JRD Tata, Tata had 95 industries with total worth of more than 5 billion dollars till 1988. Under the chairmanship of JRD Tata, Tata groups Saw huge expansion touching almost all the major industries including chemicals, technology, marketing, engineering and software services.
In 1952, JRD Tata established Tata airlines. It is considered a big achievement of Tata groups. In 1953, Government of India owned most shares in the airlines but a due to vision of his, JRD Tata was the chairman of the airlines till 1977.
In 1945, Tata motors was established to manufacture commercial vehicle. in 1968, Tata consultancy services (Revenue (FY 2020-21) – INR 164,177 Crore) was established for support services.
In 1991, Ratan Tata become the chairman. In the era of Ratan Tata, Tata groups created a new identity in abroad. As such, Tata was already a well-known brand but measure acquisitions by Ratan Tata, made Tata groups a heavy global player in the world.
In 2000 Tetley, in 2007 Corus, in 2008 Jaguar and land rover were big acquisitions of Tata groups.
How tata architected the modern India
From beginning to today, Tata groups played an important and silent role in Indian growth story. For example, the system and software of BSE (Bombay stock exchange) and NSE (national stock exchange) are run by TCS. RTGS platform of RBI and core banking system of SBI are supported by TCS. Surveillance system of SEBI (security exchange board of India) is driven by Tata. The network, develop by Tata communications, transfers data from Silicon Valley to Singapore in 180 milliseconds other than this it connects customers of 99.7% of world GDP.
Tata Steel
Tata Steel from 1930 started filling more than the 70% of the requirements of Steel in India. 85% of the Steel, used at Kolkata’s iconic Howrah bridge, was manufactured at Tata’s Jamshedpur plant.
After independence, Tata steel played an important role in restructuring India. From agriculture to automobile and from railways to Airways, Tata Steel given a big support to build these. Tata Steel used in two third of Indian metro rails, flyovers and bridges. Tata Steel is found in almost every passenger car in the country.
Contribution in Indian economy
If Tata is seen as an economic backbone, then after demonetization in India, 2000-rupee notes were also printed in the factory designed by Tata. All UK coins of one, two, five and 10 are made by Tata Steel.
Apart from this, Tata has provided huge support in the form of tax to the Government of India. According to data of 2017, the TATA group had added 47,196 crore Texas to the exchequer alone contributing 2.7% of the total collection of the Indian government.
Tata network
Tata has also connected world economy. Tata today operates the world’s largest wholly owned and most advanced subsea fibre network. Connecting 200 countries and territories, the network itself carries 30% of the world’s internet routes.
Tata power in India
Net Income (FY2020-21): INR 33,079 Crore
Tata groups has made transmission lines of more than 13000 KMS in India. Tata played the responsibility of linking India’s Southern grid to Central grid and eastern grid to northern grid. regions like Leh and Kargil are also today connected to Tata’s transmission infrastructures.
Tata in Defence domain
Tata has supplied special Steel to the Indian defence forces for arm and ammunities since the time of World War 1. Today Tata is trying to provide weapon system to the Indian defence forces, in addition to multi combat roles and transportation. Tata has played major role in the development of large artillery guns such as the Pinaka multi-barrel rocket launcher and the Prahaar Mobile launcher system. Apart from this Tata has also contributed in the design and development of combat management system for medium range surface and air missile technology.
Tata in space
Today India is setting its eyes towards space and Tata doesn’t contribute to this pursuit, it cannot happen. In India’s Mars mission Tata not only contributed to the launch vehicle but also help in the design and fabrication of the data control hardware of Mangalyaan. ISRO’s heaviest rocket GSLV- Mk3 was launched by Tata with the help of a designed mobile launch pedestal. Tata has also helped in develop ISRO’S PSLV integration facility.
Revenue and philanthropy
During 2020-2021, Tata consultancy service, Tata Steel, Tata motors, Titan have generated revenue respectively 1,35,963 crore, 64,869 crore, 47,031 crore and 20,601 crores. These are major revenue generated companies of Tata groups. From this we can infer that, Tata has become a dependable brand and a successful group from a profit point of view.
TATA has established and funded many educational and research institutes in the world including India. Tata institute of fundamental research, the energy and resources institute, National centre for performing arts and Tata institute of social services are among them. During the pandemic of covid-19, Tata donated 1500 crores in pm care fund.